| Вид документа | Інструкція з експлуатації |
|---|---|
| Виробник | SIEMENS |
| Код документа | CPU-150xS_Instruction_manual |
| Сторінок | 112 |
| Мова документа | англійська |
| Розмір файлу | 2.8 МБ |
Текст документа
Documentation guide 1
Safety information 2
Product overview 3
SIMATIC
Installing 4
S7-1500 Software Controller
CPU1505SP (F), CPU 1507S (F) and 5
Commissioning
CPU 1508S (F) SIMATIC Industrial
OS Version 30.0
Operation 6
Operating Instructions
Maintenance 7
Protection 8
Interrupts, diagnostics,
error and system message 9
Technical Data A
Reference information for
use with SIMATIC IPC B
Additional information C
04/2023
A5E50811213-AC
Legal information
Warning notice system
This manual contains notices you have to observe in order to ensure your personal safety, as well as to prevent
damage to property. The notices referring to your personal safety are highlighted in the manual by a safety alert
symbol, notices referring only to property damage have no safety alert symbol. These notices shown below are
graded according to the degree of danger.
DANGER
indicates that death or severe personal injury will result if proper precautions are not taken.
WARNING
indicates that death or severe personal injury may result if proper precautions are not taken.
CAUTION
indicates that minor personal injury can result if proper precautions are not taken.
NOTICE
indicates that property damage can result if proper precautions are not taken.
If more than one degree of danger is present, the warning notice representing the highest degree of danger will
be used. A notice warning of injury to persons with a safety alert symbol may also include a warning relating to
property damage.
Qualified Personnel
The product/system described in this documentation may be operated only by personnel qualified for the specific
task in accordance with the relevant documentation, in particular its warning notices and safety instructions.
Qualified personnel are those who, based on their training and experience, are capable of identifying risks and
avoiding potential hazards when working with these products/systems.
Proper use of Siemens products
Note the following:
WARNING
Siemens products may only be used for the applications described in the catalog and in the relevant technical
documentation. If products and components from other manufacturers are used, these must be recommended or
approved by Siemens. Proper transport, storage, installation, assembly, commissioning, operation and maintenance
are required to ensure that the products operate safely and without any problems. The permissible ambient
conditions must be complied with. The information in the relevant documentation must be observed.
Trademarks
All names identified by ® are registered trademarks of Siemens AG. The remaining trademarks in this publication
may be trademarks whose use by third parties for their own purposes could violate the rights of the owner.
Disclaimer of Liability
We have reviewed the contents of this publication to ensure consistency with the hardware and software
described. Since variance cannot be precluded entirely, we cannot guarantee full consistency. However, the
information in this publication is reviewed regularly and any necessary corrections are included in subsequent
editions.
Siemens AG A5E50811213-AC Copyright © Siemens AG 2021 - 2023.
Digital Industries Ⓟ 04/2023 Subject to change All rights reserved
Postfach 48 48
90026 NÜRNBERG
GERMANY
Table of contents
1 Documentation guide............................................................................................................................ 7
1.1 Guide for these operating instructions.................................................................................. 7
1.2 S7-1500/ET 200MP Documentation Guide ............................................................................ 8
1.2.1 S7-1500 / ET 200MP Documentation Guide .......................................................................... 8
1.2.2 SIMATIC Technical Documentation ..................................................................................... 10
1.2.3 Tool support ...................................................................................................................... 11
2 Safety information............................................................................................................................... 13
2.1 Security information .......................................................................................................... 13
2.2 Notes on data protection.................................................................................................... 13
2.3 Change of the operating mode with critical actions ............................................................ 13
2.4 Information about third-party software updates ................................................................. 14
2.5 Notes on protecting root rights........................................................................................... 14
2.6 Additional security information .......................................................................................... 14
3 Product overview ................................................................................................................................. 15
3.1 Introduction to PC-based control ........................................................................................ 15
3.2 Overview of functions........................................................................................................ 15
3.3 Functions........................................................................................................................... 19
3.3.1 Memory concept of the CPU............................................................................................... 19
3.3.1.1 CPU memory areas............................................................................................................. 19
3.3.1.2 Storage of retentive data.................................................................................................... 21
3.3.2 Interface types................................................................................................................... 23
3.3.3 PROFINET IO ...................................................................................................................... 24
3.3.4 PROFIenergy ...................................................................................................................... 25
3.3.5 Web server of the CPU........................................................................................................ 25
3.3.5.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 25
3.3.6 Fail-safe ............................................................................................................................. 27
4 Installing .............................................................................................................................................. 29
4.1 System requirements ......................................................................................................... 29
4.2 Installing the Software Controller ....................................................................................... 29
4.3 Updating/upgrading the Software Controller ...................................................................... 35
4.4 Uninstalling the Software Controller................................................................................... 36
5 Commissioning .................................................................................................................................... 39
5.1 First commissioning ........................................................................................................... 39
5.2 Resource Configurator........................................................................................................ 39
5.2.1 Resource Configuration file................................................................................................. 42
5.2.2 Error handling.................................................................................................................... 52
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Table of contents
5.3 Exporting and importing configuration files ........................................................................ 54
5.3.1 Command prompt.............................................................................................................. 54
5.3.2 Exporting configuration files............................................................................................... 55
5.3.3 Importing configuration file................................................................................................ 56
5.3.4 Printing configuration information ..................................................................................... 58
5.3.5 Error handling.................................................................................................................... 59
5.4 Shutdown and startup ....................................................................................................... 61
5.4.1 Behavior of Software Controller when shutting down IndOS ............................................... 63
6 Operation............................................................................................................................................. 67
6.1 Operation using command line commands......................................................................... 67
6.2 Operating modes ............................................................................................................... 69
6.2.1 Basic principles .................................................................................................................. 69
6.2.2 Operating mode transitions ............................................................................................... 69
7 Maintenance........................................................................................................................................ 71
7.1 Firmware updates of I/O modules ....................................................................................... 71
7.2 Resetting the CPU .............................................................................................................. 72
7.2.1 Reset using STEP 7 ............................................................................................................. 73
7.3 Special features ................................................................................................................. 74
7.3.1 Special situations when downloading in STEP 7 .................................................................. 74
7.3.2 Timeouts ........................................................................................................................... 74
7.3.3 Assignment of addresses with absolute addressing ............................................................. 74
7.3.4 "Autonegotiation" port setting............................................................................................ 75
7.4 Backup and restore ............................................................................................................ 75
7.4.1 SIMATIC IPC Image & Partition Creator ................................................................................ 75
8 Protection ............................................................................................................................................ 81
8.1 Overview of the protective functions of the CPU ................................................................. 81
8.2 General information on protection ..................................................................................... 82
8.3 Protection of confidential configuration data ...................................................................... 82
8.4 Access protection............................................................................................................... 83
8.4.1 Configuring access protection for the CPU in STEP 7 ............................................................ 83
8.4.2 Locking protection levels with the PLC program .................................................................. 87
8.5 Protecting blocks ............................................................................................................... 87
8.6 Virus scanners and firewall ................................................................................................. 88
8.7 Setting up copy protection ................................................................................................. 88
9 Interrupts, diagnostics, error and system message............................................................................. 91
9.1 Status and error display of the CPU ..................................................................................... 91
9.2 Export of diagnostic information ........................................................................................ 93
9.3 Diagnostics ........................................................................................................................ 94
9.3.1 Diagnostic information using STEP 7 .................................................................................. 94
9.3.2 Diagnostics information using the Web server .................................................................... 95
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Table of contents
A Technical Data...................................................................................................................................... 97
B Reference information for use with SIMATIC IPC................................................................................. 99
B.1 Permitted commands and parameters ................................................................................ 99
B.2 SIMATIC IPC227G / IPC277G ............................................................................................. 101
B.3 SIMATIC IPC427E / IPC477E (PRO) ..................................................................................... 102
B.4 SIMATIC BX-39A / PX-39A (PRO)........................................................................................ 103
C Additional information ...................................................................................................................... 105
C.1 Siemens Industry Online Support ..................................................................................... 105
C.2 Industry Mall ................................................................................................................... 105
Glossary ............................................................................................................................................. 107
Index .................................................................................................................................................. 111
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Table of contents
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6 Operating Instructions, 04/2023, A5E50811213-AC
Documentation guide 1
1.1 Guide for these operating instructions
Purpose of the documentation
These operating instructions supplement the system manual of the S7‑1500 automation system
as well as the function manuals. Cross-system functions are described in the system manual.
The information provided in these operating instructions and the system manual enables you
to commission the Software Controller.
Basic knowledge required
The following knowledge is required to understand the documentation:
• General knowledge of automation technology
• Knowledge of the SIMATIC industrial automation system
• Knowledge of working with STEP 7
• Knowledge of working with Linux
Validity of the documentation
This documentation is valid for the following Software Controller:
Software Controller Article number
CPU1505SP cannot be ordered, since only available preinstalled on a CPU 1515SP PC2 (F)
CPU1505SP F
CPU 1507S 6ES7 672-7AD02-0YG0
CPU 1507S F 6ES7 672-7FD02-0YG0
CPU 1508S 6ES7 672-8AD02-0YG0
CPU 1508S F 6ES7 672-8FD02-0YG0
Notes
Also observe notes marked as follows:
Note
A note contains important information on:
• The product described in the documentation
• The handling of the product
• The part of the documentation to which you should pay particular attention
CPU1505SP (F), CPU 1507S (F) and CPU 1508S (F) SIMATIC Industrial OS Version 30.0
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Documentation guide
1.2 S7-1500/ET 200MP Documentation Guide
Definitions and naming conventions
The following terms are used in this documentation:
• CPU or Software Controller: These terms refer to the CPU1505SP (F), CPU 1507S (F) and the
CPU 1508S (F).
• STEP 7: We refer to the configuration and programming software as "STEP 7" in this
documentation as a synonym for the version "STEP 7 V18 (TIA Portal)".
• PC: This term designates a SIMATIC IPC and includes the following Open Controllers.
– CPU 1515SP PC2
– CPU 1515SP PC2 F
1.2 S7-1500/ET 200MP Documentation Guide
1.2.1 S7-1500 / ET 200MP Documentation Guide
The documentation for the SIMATIC S7-1500 automation system and the ET 200MP
distributed I/O system is arranged into three areas.
This arrangement enables you to access the specific content you require. Changes and
supplements to the manuals are documented in a Product Information.
You can download the documentation free of charge from the Internet (https://
support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109742691).
Basic information
The System Manual and Getting Started describe in detail the configuration, installation,
wiring and commissioning of the SIMATIC S7-1500 and ET 200MP systems.
The STEP 7 online help supports you in the configuration and programming.
Examples:
• Getting Started S7-1500
• S7-1500/ET 200MP System Manual
• Online help TIA Portal
Device information
Equipment manuals contain a compact description of the module-specific information, such
as properties, wiring diagrams, characteristics and technical specifications.
Examples:
• Equipment Manuals CPUs
• Equipment Manuals Interface Modules
• Equipment Manuals Digital Modules
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1.2 S7-1500/ET 200MP Documentation Guide
• Equipment Manuals Analog Modules
• Equipment Manuals Communications Modules
• Equipment Manuals Technology Modules
• Equipment Manuals Power Supply Modules
General information
The function manuals contain detailed descriptions on general topics relating to the SIMATIC
S7-1500 and ET 200MPsystems.
Examples:
• Function Manual Diagnostics
• Function Manual Communication
• Function Manual Motion Control
• Function Manual Web Server
• Function Manual Cycle and Response Times
• PROFINET Function Manual
• PROFIBUS Function Manual
Product Information
Changes and supplements to the manuals are documented in a Product Information. The
Product Information takes precedence over the device and system manuals.
You can find the latest Product Information on the S7-1500 and ET 200MP systems on the
Internet (https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/de/en/view/68052815).
Manual Collection S7-1500/ET 200MP
The Manual Collection contains the complete documentation on the SIMATIC S7‑1500
automation system and the ET 200MP distributed I/O system gathered together in one file.
You can find the Manual Collection on the Internet. (https://
support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/86140384)
SIMATIC S7-1500 comparison list for programming languages
The comparison list contains an overview of which instructions and functions you can use for
which controller families.
You can find the comparison list on the Internet (https://
support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/86630375).
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Documentation guide
1.2 S7-1500/ET 200MP Documentation Guide
1.2.2 SIMATIC Technical Documentation
Additional SIMATIC documents will complete your information. You can find these documents
and their use at the following links and QR codes.
The Industry Online Support gives you the option to get information on all topics. Application
examples support you in solving your automation tasks.
Overview of the SIMATIC Technical Documentation
Here you will find an overview of the SIMATIC documentation available in SIOS:
Industry Online Support International (https://
support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109742705)
Watch this short video to find out where you can find the overview directly in SIOS and how to
use SIOS on your mobile device:
Quick introduction to the technical documentation of automation products per
video (https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/us/en/view/109780491)
YouTube video: Siemens Automation Products - Technical Documentation at a
Glance (https://youtu.be/TwLSxxRQQsA)
mySupport
With "mySupport" you can get the most out of your Industry Online Support.
Registration You must register once to use the full functionality of "mySupport". After registration,
you can create filters, favorites and tabs in your personal workspace.
Support re‐ Your data is already filled out in support requests, and you can get an overview of your
quests current requests at any time.
Documenta‐ In the Documentation area you can build your personal library.
tion
Favorites You can use the "Add to mySupport favorites" to flag especially interesting or fre‐
quently needed content. Under "Favorites", you will find a list of your flagged entries.
Recently The most recently viewed pages in mySupport are available under "Recently viewed
viewed articles articles".
CAx data The CAx data area gives you access to the latest product data for your CAx or CAe
system. You configure your own download package with a few clicks:
• Product images, 2D dimension drawings, 3D models, internal circuit diagrams,
EPLAN macro files
• Manuals, characteristics, operating manuals, certificates
• Product master data
You can find "mySupport" on the Internet. (https://support.industry.siemens.com/My/ww/en)
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Documentation guide
1.2 S7-1500/ET 200MP Documentation Guide
Application examples
The application examples support you with various tools and examples for solving your
automation tasks. Solutions are shown in interplay with multiple components in the system -
separated from the focus on individual products.
You can find the application examples on the Internet. (https://
support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/ps/ae)
1.2.3 Tool support
The tools described below support you in all steps: from planning, over commissioning, all the
way to analysis of your system.
TIA Selection Tool
The TIA Selection Tool tool supports you in the selection, configuration, and ordering of devices
for Totally Integrated Automation (TIA).
As successor of the SIMATIC Selection Tools , the TIA Selection Tool assembles the already
known configurators for automation technology into a single tool.
With the TIA Selection Tool , you can generate a complete order list from your product
selection or product configuration.
You can find the TIA Selection Tool on the Internet. (https://
support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109767888)
SINETPLAN
SINETPLAN, the Siemens Network Planner, supports you in planning automation systems and
networks based on PROFINET. The tool facilitates professional and predictive dimensioning of
your PROFINET installation as early as in the planning stage. In addition, SINETPLAN supports
you during network optimization and helps you to exploit network resources optimally and to
plan reserves. This helps to prevent problems in commissioning or failures during productive
operation even in advance of a planned operation. This increases the availability of the
production plant and helps improve operational safety.
The advantages at a glance
• Network optimization thanks to port-specific calculation of the network load
• Increased production availability thanks to online scan and verification of existing systems
• Transparency before commissioning through importing and simulation of existing STEP 7
projects
• Efficiency through securing existing investments in the long term and the optimal use of
resources
You can find SINETPLAN on the Internet (https://new.siemens.com/global/en/products/
automation/industrial-communication/profinet/sinetplan.html).
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Documentation guide
1.2 S7-1500/ET 200MP Documentation Guide
See also
PRONETA Professional (https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109781283)
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Safety information 2
2.1 Security information
Siemens provides products and solutions with industrial security functions that support the
secure operation of plants, systems, machines and networks.
In order to protect plants, systems, machines and networks against cyber threats, it is
necessary to implement – and continuously maintain – a holistic, state-of-the-art industrial
security concept. Siemens’ products and solutions constitute one element of such a concept.
Customers are responsible for preventing unauthorized access to their plants, systems,
machines and networks. Such systems, machines and components should only be connected
to an enterprise network or the internet if and to the extent such a connection is necessary
and only when appropriate security measures (e.g. firewalls and/or network segmentation)
are in place.
For additional information on industrial security measures that may be implemented, please
visit (https://www.siemens.com/industrialsecurity).
Siemens' products and solutions undergo continuous development to make them more
secure. Siemens strongly recommends that product updates are applied as soon as they are
available and that the latest product versions are used. Use of product versions that are no
longer supported, and failure to apply the latest updates may increase customers' exposure
to cyber threats.
To stay informed about product updates, subscribe to the Siemens Industrial Security RSS
Feed visit (https://www.siemens.com/cert).
2.2 Notes on data protection
Siemens observes the principles of data protection, in particular the principle of data
minimization (privacy by design).
For this Software Controller product this means:
The product does not process/store any personal data, only technical functional data (e.g.
time stamp). If the user links this data with other data (e.g. shift plans) or stores personal
data on the same medium (e.g. hard disk) and thus establishes a personal reference, the user
must ensure compliance with data protection regulations.
2.3 Change of the operating mode with critical actions
Switch the CPU to "STOP" mode before actions that result in very high utilization of the hardware
("critical actions").
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Safety information
2.6 Additional security information
2.4 Information about third-party software updates
This product contains third-party software. Siemens accepts liability with respect to updates/
patches for the third-party software only when these are distributed by Siemens in the context
of a Software Update Service contract or officially approved by Siemens. Otherwise, updates/
patches are installed at the user's own risk. You can find more information in our Software
Update Service (https://www.siemens.com/sus).
2.5 Notes on protecting root rights
A user with root rights has extensive access and manipulation possibilities on the system. A root
user has, for example, the right to change the operating state of the CPU, even if the root user
is not a member of the "software_controller_operators" group.
Therefore, make sure that the root rights are adequately protected to prevent unauthorized
changes. Use secure passwords and use a standard user account for regular operation. Other
measures, such as the use of security policies, should be applied as required.
2.6 Additional security information
SIMATIC Industrial OS (IndOS) is a Linux-based (Debian) operating system. The following
security information additionally applies to users of SIMATIC Industrial OS.
Access to the PC
A user has extensive access and manipulation possibilities on the system.
Therefore, make sure that the PC is adequately protected in physical terms to prevent
unauthorized changes.
Rights for operating the Software Controller
Do not change the access rights for files provided by Siemens, such as the Linux tools for the
Software Controller. The Linux tools are executable with standard user rights in the
"software_controller_operators" group.
Linux security issues
The security issues of the Linux operating system are the responsibility of the user.
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Product overview 3
3.1 Introduction to PC-based control
Overview
The SIMATIC S7‑1500 Software Controller is a PC-based controller. The PC-based controller
offers the same functionality as all CPUs of the SIMATIC S7‑1500 automation system in a PC-
based real-time environment.
As part of the SIMATIC series of products, the Software Controller can communicate with
STEP 7 and other SIMATIC products, such as WinCC Unified and Industrial Ethernet networks.
Communication with the distributed I/O occurs in the same way via PROFINET. The Software
Controller uses distributed I/O in order to control the automation process. To network the
Software Controller with the distributed I/O, you use the interfaces of your PC. In addition,
the CPU 1505SP can use the centralized I/O of the ET 200SP Open Controller.
The Software Controller uses communication via programming devices and operator panels
(Industrial Ethernet) for connection with STEP 7 or other programming packages on a
different PC.
You use the same programming languages, program structure, and programming interface
(STEP 7) with the PC-based controller as for hardware controllers. For the SIMATIC S7‑1500
Software Controller, you can use the same user program as for a hardware controller.
Note
Available operating systems
The present manual describes Software Controllers using the Industrial OS operating system. A
description of Software Controllers using Windows is available on the Internet (https://
support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109817941)
3.2 Overview of functions
The S7‑1500 Software Controller realizes the function of an S7‑1500 hardware controller as
software on a PC.
The Software Controller has the following technical properties.
Configuration and programming with Resource Configurator and STEP 7
All programming languages defined in IEC 61131‑3 are supported.
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Product overview
3.2 Overview of functions
Innovative real-time system based on virtualization technology
The real-time system of the S7‑1500 Software Controller enables you to operate the Software
Controller in parallel with, but independent of, IndOS.
• Real-time and deterministic behavior
• Fast power-up at Power On of the PC
Fast program execution with multiple, priority-controlled execution levels
• Cyclically, time-controlled, isochronously with PROFINET
• Event-driven via hardware and diagnostic interrupts
Storing of retentive data
The Software Controller ensures protection of system data even after a power failure:
• Storing of retentive data on the hard drive of the PC (UPS required)
• Backup of retentive data on the NVRAM (on SIMATIC IPCs and Open Controller with this
option) possible in case of a power failure
Communication
The S7‑1500 Software Controller uses interfaces of the PC for PROFINET.
• IndOS-independent use of PC interfaces for PROFINET for operating distributed I/O.
Depending on the interface hardware used, the following functions are possible:
– PROFINET IO RT
– PROFINET IO IRT
– PROFIenergy
– Media redundancy
– I-Device
– Isochronous mode
– MRP/MRPD
• Communication (SIMATIC Communication, Open User Communication, OPC UA) with IndOS
applications or external devices
Integrated Web server
All CPUs of the SIMATIC S7‑1500 automation system support querying of the CPU via the Web
server. The Web server provides the following diagnostics possibilities:
• CPU mapping with LEDs and current operating mode
• Reading out entries from the diagnostics buffer
• Querying module states
• Querying current alarms
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Product overview
3.2 Overview of functions
• Information on communication
• Information on the status of the topology and PROFINET devices
• Firmware updates
• Transferring user data to the load memory of the CPU and managing this data
• User-programmable web pages for support of service- and commissioning-specific machine
functions
• API (Application Programming Interface) as an interface for:
– Reading and writing CPU data
– Executing functions (for example backing up and restoring the CPU configuration,
changing the operating state)
Trace functionality
All CPUs of the SIMATIC S7‑1500 automation system support the trace functionality. The trace
functionality supports the recording of analog and digital tags for each cycle and their
representation as a trend with STEP 7. It is particularly useful for motion control and closed-loop
control applications.
Integrated technology
• S7‑1500 Motion Control
– PLC Open blocks for programming motion functionality by means of PROFINET IO and
PROFIdrive interface.
– The functionality supports speed-controlled axes, positioning axes, synchronous axes,
and external encoders.
• Integrated closed-loop control functionality: The CPU has three PID controllers with
integrated optimization for a wide range of closed-loop control tasks:
– PID_Compact for universal closed-loop control tasks
– PID_3Step for valves
– PID_Temp for closed-loop temperature control tasks
Motion control functions of the technology CPUs
Supported technology objects:
• Speed-controlled axes
• Positioning axes
• Synchronous axes
• External encoders
• Output cams
• Cam tracks
• Measuring inputs
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Product overview
3.2 Overview of functions
Advanced synchronization functions:
• Synchronization with specification of the synchronous position
• Actual value coupling
• Shifting of the master value at following axis
• Camming
Other functions:
• Cyclic specification of motion vector from the application (MotionIn interface)
• Technology object for control of kinematics with up to 4 interpolating axes, e.g. Cartesian
gantry, delta picker, roll picker, articulated arm, cylindrical robot, tripod, SCARA
• Support of user-defined kinematics
• Trace functions for all CPU tags, both for diagnostics in real-time as well as for sporadic error
detection, can also be called via the Web server of the CPU
• Extensive closed-loop control functionalities, e.g. easy-to-configure blocks for automatic
optimization of the controller parameters for optimized control quality
Integrated system diagnostics
System diagnostics is generated automatically and displayed by:
• Programming device
• PC
• HMI
• Web server
System diagnostics is also available when the CPU is in STOP mode.
Integrated security
• Protection of confidential configuration data
You have the option of assigning a password for protecting confidential configuration data of
the respective CPU. This refers to data such as private keys that are required for the proper
functioning of certificate-based protocols.
• Know-how protection
Allows you to securely protect algorithms against unauthorized access and modification
• Copy protection
Copy protection links user blocks with the serial number of one or more SIMATIC Memory
Cards or the serial number of one or more CPUs. User programs cannot run without the
corresponding SIMATIC Memory Card or CPU.
• Access protection
Extended access protection provides comprehensive protection against unauthorized
configuration changes. To assign separate rights to different user groups, you use
authorization levels.
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3.3 Functions
• Integrity protection
The system protects the data transferred to the CPU from unauthorized manipulation. The
CPU reliably detects altered or external transmission of engineering data.
• Password provider
As an alternative to manual password input, you can connect a password provider to STEP 7.
A password provider offers the following advantages:
– Convenient handling of passwords. STEP 7 reads in the password automatically for the
blocks
– Optimum block protection because the users themselves do not know the password
3.3 Functions
3.3.1 Memory concept of the CPU
3.3.1.1 CPU memory areas
Introduction
This section describes the structure of the CPU memory.
Memory areas
The CPU uses the mass storage of the PC on which it is installed.
The following figure shows the partitions (sda) on the PC:
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Figure 3-1 Partitions on the PC
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Product overview
3.3 Functions
Note
Disk naming
Note that for the IPC227G, IPC277G, BX-39A and PX-39A the disk name is "nvme0n1". The
naming for the individual partitions is nvme0n1p1 to nvme0n1p6.
For more information on the different partitions, see chapter Installing the Software
Controller (Page 29).
Work memory
The RAM of the PC is used for the work memory. When the CPU starts, the SIMATIC hypervisor
exclusively allocates a portion of the RAM memory. As a result, this RAM memory is available
exclusively to the CPU. The work memory is volatile memory that contains the code and data
blocks. The work memory is permanently allocated to the CPU and cannot be extended.
Load memory
The load memory is located in the mass storage of the PC. The CPU volume contains not only the
load memory but also internal configuration data and even retentive data, depending on the
configuration.
NOTICE
Fill level of load memory
Make sure that there is still enough free memory space available in the CPU’s load memory.
Insufficient load memory space may have the following consequences:
• A project cannot be downloaded to the CPU successfully
• A CPU does not change into RUN operating state after project download
• Retentive data might be lost
Retentive memory
Retentive memory is non-volatile memory for saving a limited quantity of data in the event of
power failure. You can store retentive data in two ways, depending on the resources of the PC:
• In the NVRAM of a PC (if the PC used has this option)
• On the CPU volume
The system stores data defined as retentive in retentive memory. The system retains this data
beyond a power-off or power failure.
If you are using PC mass storage, use a UPS to ensure a complete backup of the retentive data
in case of a power failure.
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Product overview
3.3 Functions
NVRAM
When NVRAM is used (on SIMATIC IPCs with this option), the storing of retentive data in the
event of a power failure is also possible. The volume of data that can be stored retentively is
limited and can depend on properties of the PC used.
Note
Note that NVRAM is necessary for using the fail-safe feature "Fast Compile & Fast
Commissioning".
For more information on fail-safe feature "Fast Compile & Fast Commissioning", refer to the
SIMATIC Safety - Configuring and Programming (https://support.automation.siemens.com/WW/
view/en/54110126) manual.
CPU memory area
The CPU volume is a partition on the mass storage of the PC used. The CPU volume is already
available and has the following contents:
• Load memory
• Configuration data
• Retentive data
Retentive data is saved to the mass storage of the PC, if:
– you select "PC mass storage" in the configuration of category "Retentive memory" in TIA
Portal
– you set "nvram_usage" to "false" in the Resource Configuration file
For more information on the Resource Configuration file, refer to section Resource Config
JSON file (Page 42).
The selection "Saving retentive data: PC mass storage" can make the entire data memory
retentive. To ensure complete backup of the retentive data in case of a power failure, refer to
the description in section Shutdown and startup (Page 61).
Reference
For additional information about the memory structure and the basic meaning of these memory
areas, refer the function manual Structure and Use of the CPU Memory (https://
support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/59193101). This documentation also describes
how you obtain information about the memory utilization using STEP 7.
3.3.1.2 Storage of retentive data
Introduction
When you stop the Software Controller or a power failure occurs, you can store data retentively:
• In the PC mass storage or
• In the onboard NVRAM
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3.3 Functions
The following data is saved:
• The current data from data blocks, bit memory, timers, counters and technology objects that
is marked as retentive in TIA Portal
• Contents of the diagnostics buffer
• Contents of the message buffer
• Current operating mode (RUN/STOP)
The retentive data is stored automatically in the following situations:
• Shutdown of the Software Controller using command line commands
• Shutdown of the operating system (standard or triggered by a UPS signal)
• Power failure (by using a UPS or NVRAM)
Note
Options for storage of retentive data
For information on the memory type and memory size of your hardware platform, check your
PC system's technical specifications.
Saving in mass storage
The Software Controller has its own CPU volume in the mass storage of your PC. The storage
operation is thus independent of the operating system status.
Note
Preservation of retentive data when saving in mass storage
To retain the retentive data of the original configuration, proceed as follows:
1. Copy the mass storage.
2. Start the CPU with the copied data.
When you save the retentive data on the PC's mass storage, the quantity of the retentive data
on the mass storage differs from the quantity of memory in NVRAM.
NOTICE
Uninterruptible power supply (UPS)
A power failure without shutting down the operating system can cause damage to the file
structure of the operating system. To protect the file system, use a UPS (Page 61) or activate
the usage of NVRAM.
Deleting the data
To delete the data from the CPU, use the "--MemoryReset" command of the CPU Control Tool.
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